In 1918, after the Russian Revolution, all non-Russian countries declared their independence from the Russian empire, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. During World War I, Armenians living in their ancestral lands in the Ottoman Empire were systematically exterminated in the Armenian Genocide. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire, while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule. An Armenian principality and later a kingdom Cilician Armenia was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries.īetween the 16th century and 19th century, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Iranian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. Declining due to the wars against the Byzantines, the kingdom fell in 1045 and Armenia was soon after invaded by the Seljuk Turks. Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. Located in Western Asia, it is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.Īrmenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun), is a sovereign state in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. Christianity ( Armenian Apostolic Church)Īrmenia ( i / ɑːr ˈ m iː n i ə/, / - ˈ m iː n j ə/ Armenian: Հայաստան, tr.
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